Wildlife Asset

written by

Joel Salatin

posted on

June 5, 2024

This morning I had to go up the mountain to check on a water line and spring.  After a nice thunderstorm last night, the early morning mist rose up from the valleys as I dodged heavy-droplet leaves hanging out into the gravel road.

As the 4-wheeler and I rounded a bend, I braked quickly for a doe nursing her newborn fawn.  We stared at each other momentarily, not more than 20 feet apart.  The fawn suddenly vanished—I couldn’t see it run—and the doe stayed there.  We stared at each other for a bit and then I had to be on my way.

As I started to go, the doe jumped off the road but didn’t go far.  As I eased the 4-wheeler forward, my eye caught the fawn, hunkered flat against the ground under a fern and mountain laurel bush on the edge of the road.  Probably less than 24 hours old, the fawn had not yet learned to run from danger, but rather tried to hide.

It didn’t move when I walked to it.  Leaning over and gently cooing to it, I stroked the soft fawn like a kitten, assuring it I was a friend.  It didn’t move a muscle.  I didn’t pick it up or handle it.  It could have run off, but didn’t.  It just stayed there, pressed tightly against the ground, with mama nearby.  I caressed it for another minute, relishing the moment’s magic.  Then I eased away.

I had a spring and water line to check on, but as I turned to remount the 4-wheeler and continue on my errand, tears welled up in my eyes.  The freshly washed forest, rising mist, nursing mother and newborn fawn, and then the soft connection, all in stillness and mutual reverence.  How special is that?

As I fought back tears of gratitude for being able to enjoy magical experiential moments like this, I couldn’t help but think about the agri-industrial complex narrative vomiting out of public relations firms denigrating wildlife as an egregious liability.  A minute prior to encountering the nursing doe and fawn, I had enjoyed a wild turkey hen prancing through one of our pig pastures.  And yes, I’ve picked up newly hatched wild turkey poults too, while mother hen cavorts and clucks a few feet away. More magic moments.

Last week when I drove down the farm lane and crossed the bridge over Middle River (yes, it looks like a creek, but it’s the beginning of Middle River), I noticed a mother duck with six freshly hatched ducklings paddling up the river.  I watched them disappear under the bridge.  I wonder where they were headed.

Is all this wildlife really as terrible as the conventional mainline farm industry suggests?  Deer bring cow diseases.  Waterfowl bring bird flu.  The industry makes it sound like if we’re going to survive, we must eradicate wildlife.  That attitude is a natural development when you prop up life with artificial means (think unnatural animal habitations, antibiotics, vaccines, etc.). It seems very anti-life.

Starting with Justis von Liebig’s 1837 allegation that all life is simply a re-arrangement of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium and continuing to the herbicide, pesticide, grubicide developments post WWII, industrial food’s assault on life is unspeakably profound.  If an animal gets sick, it must be pharmaceutically disadvantaged, not immune-compromised.

The key to good food is ship-ability and shelf life.  Cardboard tomatoes and cheese that won’t mold—oh, don’t forget shelf-stable ultra-pasteurized organic milk—is the Holy Grail of modern American industrial food.  The new frontier of lab-cultured meat-like substances and 3-D printed proteins is the next iteration in this entire anti-life progression.

Here at Polyface, we believe any farm and food system that demonizes wildlife is fundamentally anti-life and therefore anti-nutrition, anti-wellness, and anti-health.  To be sure, that doesn’t mean we let errant and rogue carnivorous predators abscond with our pastured chickens.  Or let mice and rats run rampant through the house.

But it means we have a deep and abiding respect for the majesty, complexity, and value of nature and wildlife.  If we have an animal sickness, it’s not because of wildlife; it’s because we mismanaged something and compromised the immune system.  Any livestock farmer eventually neglects something at an inopportune time and has to learn the hard way that social structure, hygiene, sanitation, genetic selection, rations and other things affect the habitat for health.

The reason I can enjoy these routine magical encounters with wildlife is because we believe the foundation of good farming—and good food—is a vibrantly balanced and functioning ecology.  That starts with the native critters.  If we can’t add livestock without destroying the native life, shame on us.  And shame on the industry for blaming wildlife for diseases.  The wildlife figured out long ago how to live without chemicals, vaccines, and pharmaceuticals.

Perhaps it would behoove all farmers to look at the resilient wildlife for instruction in our domestic livestock production.  Informed by the natural, cows, pigs and chickens can enjoy a healthy existence without anti-life inputs.  When you patronize Polyface, you say to the world “life matters to me, even the bumblebee and fawn.”  That’s a great life lesson for our kiddos.  Together, as farmer and patron, we can promote life, both wild and domestic.  

More from the blog

Food Shortages

I'm in Oregon today speaking at the Azure Harvest Festival and a question from the audience during a Q&A stimulated a lot of discussion:  "What do you think about the possibility and preparation surrounding food shortages?" David Stelzer, founder of Azure Standard, answered that the issue is not food volume, it's food nutrition.   That was an interesting answer that has a lot of merit.  As a nation, we are overfed and undernourished.  This is the crux of the MAHA movement and the epidemic diseases we see in our country. At Polyface, we know the pastured meat and poultry we produce is far superior in essential phytochemicals and other nutrients due to the carotenes, exercise, and stress-free habitat we offer.  You can taste the difference, feel the difference in texture, and measure it empirically. Perhaps my most poignant affirmation was our cat test.   We purchased meat from the supermarket and offered our own for the four cats.  They wouldn't touch the conventional meat (ground beef). Even though two plates and four cats would be much easier to accommodate if they spread out, all four crowded around the plate with our meat, eating it all and licking it up, before later sniffing and gingerly eating the supermarket counterpart. Since cats don't understand TV ads or USDA propaganda, they know what's good and what's not.   We encourage anyone dismissive of food differences to ask their pets:  you can trust them far more than doctors and experts. Yes, I get the nutrient deficiency angle on the shortage question.  But I'd like to explore it a bit further.   Right now, the world throws away more human-edible food, as a percentage of production, than at any time in human history.  The planet is awash in food.   Some 40 percent gets thrown away because it has a slight blemish, exceeds the sell-by date, or is tainted in some way.  We have a fundamentally segregated food supply rather than an integrated one, and that creates a lot of unusable waste. The vulnerabilities of our food system, I think, are much more subtle.  When I was in Uruguay two years ago, speaking at a conference, one of the other presenters was from Germany and showed a soil map of the globe.  Not a single commercial agricultural region had a stable or positive soil trajectory.  Every single area on the planet is losing soil; some faster than others, but globally our soil depletion continues without any sign of abatement. This is not a good trajectory.   As much as the technocrats promise food without soil, that's not the way to bet.  Soil is the skin of the earth.  When it goes, famine results.   The main difference now compared to centuries ago is that we have the capacity to move food around.   Nobody starves due to a lack of food on the planet; they starve due to socio-political unrest and dysfunction. But what happens when massive areas can't grow anything anymore?  Even being able to move food around doesn't help when there isn't enough.   The soil trajectory does not look good.  But at Polyface, we're building soil.  Areas covered with shale (layered rocks) half a century ago now have a foot of soil on them.  That's not the 3-5 feet that 150 years of inappropriate tillage eroded, but it's a build-back start. In addition to soil loss, as a planet we're seeing hydrologic decreases.   The Oglala aquifer, which undergirds the irrigated agriculture in five states, has dropped more than 100 feet in the last half-century.  At its current rate, it will be unpumpable in about 50 more years.  Imagine if all those circular irrigation pivots in Nebraska and Kansas shut down.  What then? At Polyface, we keep building ponds to inventory surface runoff.  By definition, surface runoff occurs when rains come too fast at once or too much at one time for the soil to absorb it.  Holding that and using it strategically in a drought is a way to reduce flooding during rain events and grow grass when it gets dry.  This is one of the most landscape resilient techniques we can implement. Finally, major animal and plant diseases threaten the world's food systems like never before.   African swine fever, hoof and mouth disease in cattle, and bird flu in poultry appear to be getting worse and covering larger areas.  Why?  We believe it's because chemicals and factory farming compromise the immunological systems in both plants and animals.  Monocrops and chemical fertilizers wreak havoc on immune systems, opening the planet's food systems to new levels of fragility. In contrast, at Polyface, we believe happy animals and biodiversity offer the best antidote to immunological deficiency.  Stress from unsanitary conditions, mono-species density, or dietary deficiency (rations or fertilizer) invites disease.  Nature uses disease to cull the weak.  Predators pick off the stragglers.  This is the way biology works. But at Polyface, we keep these vulnerabilities at bay with compost fertilization, pasture rotations, and lots of species diversity, including pollinators and wildlife. Here's the point:  the basic long-term vulnerabilities in the planet's food systems could all be reversed with practices Polyface uses every day.  Looked at another way, the entire food shortage question could be answered if eaters and farmers implemented these ecological and immunological protocols, working together to rather than completely separated.  We don't need to fall into an abyss of starvation. If we all simply began eating food from farms that build soil, increase water, and stimulate immunity, we could deliver a hospitable, abundant planet to our children.   Reversing these trajectories wouldn't take much time or money.  It takes intentionally-minded folks who connect the chain of sustenance from their plate to the planet. Polyface patrons do that.  Thank you.  Let's heal the land together. Joel